Plan Name

Studies on Cooling Root Zone Temperature for Vegetables by Using Irrigation, Drainage and Tunnel Air Techniques

計畫編號

85-2-08

類別

灌溉營運管理類

摘要

1.簡易根部通風降溫系統試驗: 栽培箱介質溫度日變化情形:處理I(白色花槽有底)溫度隨著太陽上升，溫度急速的累積，在下午15:00時累積到40oC的高溫狀態，並且高溫持續時間較其他處理及網室內延長，18:00時之後溫度才漸次降低。處理II(塑膠籃無底)，溫度日變化情形較緩和，中午最高溫度約為35oC。處理III(塑膠籃無底，配合隧道式底部通風，裝置排風扇，強制通風)，溫度日變化情形相當緩和，中午最高平均溫度約為33.5oC，其他時間均在32oC以下。處理III中午高溫期間，比網室溫度低約5℃，比處理I低約8℃，比處理II低約2oC。栽培箱處理對葉萵苣生育期間葉面積生長量變化之影響:根部溫度日變化情形直接影響葉萬萱葉面積的生長量，結果葉面積以處理III的生長量最大，處理I及II的生長差異不顯著。 栽培箱處理對葉萬萱生育之影響:植株的株高及根長在不同栽培箱處理之間表現不同，處理I的根長較長，處理III的根長較短，而株高則以處理III較高，其他植株鮮重、乾童及根乾重均以處理111的表現較好，以上試驗結果顯示根侵與植株生育量呈負相關，根乾重與植株生育呈正相關。2.根部控溫系統試驗: 櫻桃蘿蔔初期生育:株高、植株鮮重及葉面處理之間差異不顯著，但是整齊度以處理I(銅管銅片電鍍鎳鉻根部控溫植栽床)及II(銅管電鍍鎳根部控溫植栽床)較高;處理III(PVC管根部控溫植栽床)及處理IV(根部不控溫植栽床)的整齊度較低，株高以處理I的表現較好為6.4cm；其次為處理II為5.7cm;處理III為5.6cm；處理IV為5.3cm。櫻桃蘿蔔初期球莖鮮重及整齊度，以處理I及II較高;處理III及IV的整齊度較低，球莖鮮重以處理I表現較好，單株球重為0.18g;其次為處理II及III單株球重為0.17g;處理IV較差單株球重為0.10g。櫻桃蘿蔔後期生育處理之間差異不顯著，唯球莖鮮重以處理I及處理II的表現較好，整齊度最好，處理IV的表現較差。 葉高直葉面積以處理I的表現較好，整齊度高，單株葉面積為976.6cm2；處理IV整齊度較差，單株葉面積為833.3cm2。植株鮮重以處理I及II的表現較好，單株鮮重為0.91g;其次為處理III 0.90g;處理IV較輕為0.73g。

Abstract

1. Experiment on root cooling system: In order to understand the diurnal temperature fluctuation in the container media, there are three treatments for containers. Treatment I(TI) is the container with bottom, in which the temperature is increasing very fast from morning till 3:00PM, it reaches 40℃, and the heat is accumulated for a long period of time, it decreases until 6:00PM. Treatment II(TII) is the container without bottom, in which the temperature varies more slowly, it reaches 35℃ at noon, and under 32℃ in all other time. Treatment III(TIII) is the container without bottom and with aeration tunnel under the container, in which the temperature at noon is lower than the above two treatments, it is lower 8℃ than TI, lower 2℃ than TII and lower 5℃than air temperature in the pipehoue. The effect of the above containers on leaf area and growth of leaf lettuce, showed that root temperature is greatly influenced the leaf area and growth, the TIII had greatest growth, while there are no significant difference in TI and TII. TI had the longest root, TIII had the shortest root. There are negative relationship between root length and growth amount, and there are positive relationship between root dry weight and growth amount. 2. Experiment on regulating root temperature system : Three regulating system were set on the bottom of the planting bed. Treatment (TA)used copper tube and copper chip electroplated with nickel and chromium. Treatment B(TB) used copper tube electroplated with nickel. Treatment C(TC) used PVC tube. Treatment D(TD) didn’t use any tube, it was for check. When cherry radish was cultivated in the above stems. At the preliminary stage, plant height, fresh weight and leaf area, there were no significant difference among the above treatments, while TA and TB showed growth more homogenous. The average plant height were 6.4cm, 5.7cm, 5.6cm and 5.3cm. respectively in TA, TB, TC and TD. The average weight of bulb were 0.18g, 0.17g, 0.17g and 0.10g respectively in TA, TB, TC and TD. At the late stage, there were no significant difference in growth among the treatments, while the bulb were more homogenous in TA and TB, TD is not good. The growth of lettuce that TA was more homogenous than TD, the average leaf area of single plant was 976.6cm2 in TA, 833.3 cm2 in TD; The average fresh weight per plant were 0.91g, 0.91g, 0.90g, and 0.73g for TA,TB,TC and TD respectively.

計畫主持人

張粲如

Project Director

Tsan-Ru Chang

關鍵字

灌溉排水、隧道式通風系統、蔬菜根溫

Keywords

Vegetables Root Zone Temperature、Irrigation, Drainage、Tunnel Air

成果報告