Plan Name

Study on Tao-Yuan Main Canal Irrigation System and its Water Management

計畫編號

84-2-03

類別

灌溉營運管理類

摘要

桃園地區之農田灌溉，早期原為極不方便之地，於1919年在農地挖貯水池並築欄河堰，又於1968年石門水庫完成後，其灌溉設施由水庫、攔河堰、貯水池構成聯合網狀系統，自此而後用水效率提高，該地區不但農業少受旱害，反而亦嘉惠工商業。台灣近年來由於工商業進步，國民生活水準提高，因而公共及工商用水遽增，加上糧食生產結構改變，各地區均被嚴格要求提高農業用水效率。本文特介紹桃園大圳系統之優越結構及嚴密管理方法，提供其他地區參考。同時為精益求精，亦檢討以往，提出加強改善方案。本文檢討諸多問題，然可歸納為下列重要三點: 1.大貯水池(或水庫)、攔河堰、調整池之聯合硬體結構，可貯水、高效率利用雨量，充份利用迴歸水，其功能極為優越，值得推廣。 2.桃園大圳灌溉系統，因應時代之需要，支線、小給水路管線化，配合貯水池之加高或挖深，加上自動化管理，可望提高用水效率。 3.桃園大圳系統之灌區，因地區工商活動活躍，多處農地已轉移為居住或工商用地。人口逐漸密集，故灌排水路及貯水池將成為地區生活環境之一環，因此維護水資源生態平衡-地下水補注，軟性親水空間，動植物自然生態等等，將成為未來系統改善努力之目標。

Abstract

The rice field irrigation in Tao-Yuan district was very inconvinient in early period. In 1919, the agricultural land was digged for storage pond and built weir. After the completion of the shih-men reservoir in 1968, the irrigation facilities consist of a reservoir, diversion weirs, storage ponds which forms as an united network system. Since then on , the water use efficiency has been raised up, and this district has been no longer suffered drought disaster, but also on the reverse benefit the commerce and industry. Because the commerce and industry progressed in recent years in Taiwan, people's standard of living has been raised up, thus, the water usage of public, industry and commerce has been abruptly increased, in addition to that the food production structure has been changed, therefor, every districts were districtry asked for heightening the agricultural water use efficiency. This paper is specially to introduce the splendit structure and the strict management method to offer for the reference of other district. There are many problems discussed in this paper, however, they may be concluded into following three(3) important points：1.United hardware structures consist of large scheme storage ponds (or reservoirs), diversion weir, regulating reservoir which can store water and highly capable of utilizing rainfall and return flow, which function is very superior and worthy to be propergated. 2.The irrigation system of the Tao-Yuan Main Canal has been altered all of its lateral and sub-lateral canal systems into pipeline systems to meet the needs of the times, and in addition to this, automation management was adopted to match with the heightening or deepening of storage ponds so as hope to raise up the water use efficiency. 3.In the irrigation area of the Tao-Yuan Main Canal, many agricultural lands have been transferred to rqgidential or industrial or commercial area due to the booming of industrial and commercial activities with in the area. The population has clusterred, the irrigation and drainage canal, and storage ponds will become a loop of life environment in the district, therefore, in order to maintain water resource ecological balance, supplemental repouring of groundwater, softening of hydrophlic space, natural ecology of fauna and flora (animals and plants), etc., will become the target of future effort of system improvement.

計畫主持人

林龍海

Project Director

Long-Hai Lin

關鍵字

灌溉、貯水池、用水管理、桃園大圳

Keywords

Irrigation、Farm pond、Water Managemen、Tao-Yuan Main Canal

成果報告