桃園農田水利研究發展基金會

Plan Name

Studies on the Impact of Mechanized rice Farming Development to the Change of Irrigation Systems in Taoyuan Area

計畫編號

85-2-05

類別

灌溉營運管理類

摘要

本研究為:1、從農業用水、配水方面尋求節約用水之道，以期與其它工、 商業及民生用水之配合達到水資源之合理使用。2、建立各階段稻作機械化作業體系予以分析，以求降低生產 成本並提高農民收益。3、考慮整體資源保育，環境保護與最適農機及水利技術之應用，農業經營之理想境界。由於桃園地區農田水利之灌溉計畫，正與桃園地區稻作機械之發展相關，稻作發展由人力到機械化歷經25年的轉換，而灌溉計畫亦作用水量及配水量之轉換。農耕效率提高，使農忙時期縮短，需大量供水。以桃園地區言，除了水利管理人員累積配水經驗及農民要求代耕農(中心)作適時農作之配合，沒有形成太大壓力外，另水田逐漸減少、貯水池蓄水作了調節、灌溉溝渠之改善、農地重劃、及稻作機械化減少用水量之損失等，共同解決了可能發生的問題。水利管理人員若在用水量作較深入的探討且將節流與整地期間配水期縮減之益處，善加彈性配合，提供其它非農業部門使用，並透過各種管道宣傳稻田對環境與水資源保育之重要性，對國家整體水資源利用將有很大貢獻。

Abstract

The purposes of this project are:1.Finding the way to save water consumption from agricultural water usage and allocation, and hoping the water usage of agriculture to complement the industrial and commercial water usage so that water resources can be utilized more efficiently.2.Constructing and analyzing the operation system of mechanized rice farming in each step to reduce the cost of production and enhance the profit of farmers.3.Considering to conserve all natural resources, protect environment, and to apply the optimal skills of farming mechanization and irrigation to reach the ideal of the agriculture management. Since the irrigation plan in Taoyuan area relates to the mechanized rice farming development, when the rice farming has experienced 25-year changes from manpower to mechanization, the irrigation plan also has switched between the amount of water consumption and that of water allocation. The enhancement of the farming efficiency shortens the busy season for farmers but needs large amount of water supply. In Taoyuan, because of irrigation managers' good experiences in water allocation and the farmers' request to the substitute farmers (or substitute farming centers) for cultivating crops at the right moment, the pressure of water supply is mitigated. Besides, the decrease of rice paddies, the water reservation by reservoirs, the improvement of irrigation ditches, the re-division of farms, and the loss reduction of water consumption due to mechanized rice farming also solve the potential problems altogether. If the irrigation managers can investigate water consumption more deeply, make use of the agricultural water conservation due to the shortening of the water allocation period form the soil preparation and the reduction of agricultural water expenditure, switch this water conservation to other nonagricultural departments, and publicize the importance of the rice paddy environment to the conservation of water resources in various ways to obtain widely support, there will be a great contribution to the utilization of national water resources.

計畫主持人

張森富

Project Director

Sen-Fuh Chang

關鍵字

稻作機械化、灌溉系統演變、桃園地區

Keywords

Mechanized Rice Farming、Change of Irrigation Systems

成果報告